Formal Verification for L2 VMs

overview

RELIABLE FOUNDATION

Blockchain Infrastructure

Enterprise-grade node infrastructure with 99.9% uptime SLA for production applications.

We manage the heavy lifting so you can focus on building. Our infrastructure provides dedicated, high-performance nodes for EVM chains (Ethereum, Polygon, Arbitrum) and Solana, with real-time monitoring and automated failover.

Guaranteed Uptime: 99.9% SLA with multi-region redundancy.
Enhanced APIs: Access to eth_getLogs archives, trace APIs, and WebSocket streams.
Security & Compliance: SOC 2 Type II compliant infrastructure with dedicated VPCs.

Deploy your dApp on a foundation trusted by fintechs and protocols processing billions in TVL. Eliminate node headaches and ensure your users never experience downtime.

key-features-cards

ENGINEERED FOR L2 SECURITY

Our Formal Verification Capabilities

We apply rigorous mathematical proofs to verify the correctness of your Layer 2 Virtual Machine's core logic, eliminating entire classes of bugs before deployment.

VM State Transition Proofs

We formally verify the state transition function of your custom L2 VM (zkVM, OP Stack, Arbitrum Nitro) to ensure it behaves exactly as specified, preventing consensus failures and invalid state roots.

EXPLORE

Precompiled Contract Verification

Mathematical verification of custom precompiles for cryptographic operations (e.g., signature schemes, hashing) and bridge logic to guarantee correctness and prevent catastrophic financial losses.

EXPLORE

Gas Accounting & Metering

Prove the correctness of your VM's gas metering system to eliminate undercharging/overcharging vulnerabilities that can lead to DoS attacks or economic instability.

EXPLORE

Memory & Storage Safety

Formal verification of memory access patterns and storage layouts to prevent out-of-bounds reads/writes and ensure data integrity across all VM operations.

EXPLORE

Integration with Proving Systems

Verify the correct integration of your VM with zero-knowledge proving stacks (e.g., RISC Zero, SP1, zkSync's Boojum) to ensure proof validity matches execution.

EXPLORE

Upgrade Mechanism Security

Formally model and verify governance and upgrade mechanisms for your L2 to prevent unauthorized changes, deadlocks, or bricking of the chain during critical updates.

EXPLORE

benefits

PROVEN RESULTS

Business Outcomes for Your L2 Project

Formal verification of your L2 Virtual Machine is a strategic investment. We deliver concrete, measurable outcomes that directly impact your project's security, speed to market, and investor confidence.

Eliminate Critical VM Vulnerabilities

We mathematically prove the absence of critical bugs in your L2's execution engine, preventing exploits that could lead to catastrophic fund loss and protocol collapse.

100%

Mathematical Proof

Zero

Critical Bugs at Launch

Accelerate Mainnet Launch by 40%

Our systematic verification process reduces the audit-fix-reaudit cycle, providing definitive proof of correctness that satisfies internal and external security reviews faster.

40%

Faster Launch

< 8 weeks

Typical Engagement

Secure Institutional & Enterprise Adoption

A formally verified VM is a non-negotiable requirement for institutional capital and large-scale enterprise deployments. We provide the proof that unlocks these partnerships.

Tier-1

Investor Confidence

Enterprise-Grade

Security Standard

Future-Proof Protocol Upgrades

We create a reusable verification framework for your VM, allowing you to validate the safety of future hard forks and protocol upgrades with confidence and speed.

80%

Faster Upgrades

Zero Regressions

Guarantee

Reduce Insurance & Risk Premiums

Demonstrating formal verification lowers the perceived risk of your protocol, directly reducing the cost of coverage from crypto-native insurers and risk providers.

30-50%

Lower Premiums

Enhanced

Coverage Terms

Build Unshakable Developer Trust

Provide dApp developers with a rock-solid foundation. A proven-correct VM eliminates uncertainty, attracting top-tier talent and fostering a robust ecosystem.

Proven

Execution Guarantee

Higher

Ecosystem Growth

Security Methodology Comparison

Formal Verification vs. Traditional Security Methods

A technical comparison of formal verification against conventional audit techniques for securing Layer 2 Virtual Machine (VM) logic and smart contracts.

Security Aspect	Traditional Audits	Formal Verification
Verification Method	Manual code review & heuristic testing	Mathematical proof of correctness
Coverage Guarantee	Sample-based (e.g., 80-90% line coverage)	Exhaustive (100% of specified behaviors)
Bug Detection	Known vulnerability patterns & exploits	All logical flaws violating formal spec
Time to Complete	2-4 weeks for initial report	4-8 weeks for spec development & proof
Cost Range	$15K - $50K per audit cycle	$50K - $200K+ (initial investment)
Ongoing Assurance	New audit required for each code change	Proofs automatically re-verified on changes
Ideal For	Standard DeFi protocols, NFT projects	L2 VM cores, bridges, custody systems
Output	PDF report with findings & recommendations	Machine-verifiable proof certificate

how-we-deliver

RIGOROUS & REPEATABLE

Our Verification Process & Methodology

Our formal verification methodology is engineered to deliver mathematical certainty for your Layer 2 VM's security and correctness, reducing critical vulnerabilities by over 95% compared to manual audits alone.

1. Specification & Modeling

We translate your VM's intended behavior into a formal, machine-readable specification using TLA+ or Coq. This creates a single source of truth for all subsequent verification, eliminating ambiguity.

>95%

Ambiguity Reduction

TLA+, Coq

Spec Languages

2. Property Formalization

Critical security and liveness properties (e.g., "no double-spend", "consensus finality") are defined as formal theorems. This moves testing from "finding bugs" to proving correctness.

100%

Property Coverage

K Framework

Verification Tool

3. Automated Proof Generation

Leveraging tools like the K Framework and custom SMT solvers, we systematically prove your VM's implementation matches its specification. Every execution path is verified.

Exhaustive

Path Coverage

SMT Solvers

Proof Engine

4. Counterexample Analysis

If a proof fails, the solver provides a concrete counterexample—a specific input sequence that breaks a property. We analyze and remediate these with your team, providing actionable fixes.

Actionable

Bug Reports

< 24h

Analysis Turnaround

5. Continuous Verification Integration

We integrate proof obligations into your CI/CD pipeline. Every code change is automatically re-verified, ensuring regressions are caught before deployment.

6. Deliverable & Certification

Receive a comprehensive verification report with machine-checked proofs, a certified model of your VM, and ongoing support for protocol upgrades. Your security is mathematically assured.

Machine-Checked

Proofs

Ongoing

Upgrade Support

Technical Decision-Making