Recursive ZK Proof System Security Analysis

Formal verification of elliptic curve operations, hash functions, and commitment schemes. We validate the security of all underlying assumptions, including soundness, completeness, and zero-knowledge properties.

In-depth analysis of the recursive composition logic, including base case verification, inductive step correctness, and proof aggregation mechanisms. We identify logic flaws that could break the recursive chain.

Examination of the constraint system for completeness and soundness. We audit for rank-1 constraint system (R1CS) or Plonk arithmetization errors, ensuring the circuit correctly encodes the intended computation.

Code-level review for timing attacks, memory leaks, and other side-channel vulnerabilities in your circuit compiler (Circom, Halo2, etc.) and prover/verifier implementations.

Smart contract audit for on-chain verifiers, focusing on gas optimization, correct elliptic curve pairings, denial-of-service risks, and upgradeability mechanisms if present.

End-to-end testing of the proof lifecycle within your application. We simulate adversarial conditions, including malicious inputs and network delays, to test system robustness.

We conduct formal verification of your custom verifier circuits to ensure mathematical soundness and prevent proof forgery. This is the core security guarantee of your system.

We analyze the composition of proofs for stack overflows, state leakage, and gas inefficiencies across layers. Prevents system failure under load and optimizes operational cost.

Manual review of R1CS/Plonk constraint systems for completeness, redundancy, and potential under-constraining that could lead to malicious proof generation.

Audit of trusted setup dependencies, memory-hard operations, and external oracle integrations within the proof circuit to eliminate side-channel and data manipulation risks.

We provide detailed gas consumption reports and performance benchmarks per recursion step, identifying bottlenecks before mainnet deployment.