SUAVE

SUAVE introduces a permissionless network of block builders that compete to produce the most valuable blocks. This breaks the monopoly of centralized builders and sequencers, creating a competitive marketplace for block space. Builders execute user preferences, aggregate transactions, and submit bids to validators, with the highest-value block winning.

• Key Mechanism: Builders run on the SUAVE chain, receiving encrypted transactions and preferences.
• Outcome: Increased decentralization and censorship resistance in the block production layer.

The SUAVE mempool is an encrypted transaction pool where users can submit transactions with their execution preferences. This prevents frontrunning and MEV extraction by malicious actors before the transaction is included in a block. Only the winning block builder can decrypt the transactions for inclusion.

• Privacy: Transaction details remain hidden until the auction is settled.
• User Intent: Users can express complex preferences (e.g., "swap only if price is above X") within their encrypted bundle.

SUAVE enables expressive transaction ordering by allowing users to specify complex conditions and preferences for how their transactions are executed. These are programmed as intents or conditional transactions within the encrypted mempool. Block builders compete to satisfy these preferences optimally, aligning builder incentives with user goals.

• Examples: Limit orders, MEV-protected swaps, time-locked transactions, and cross-domain arbitrage bundles.
• Result: Moves from simple transaction submission to declarative, goal-oriented interaction.

SUAVE acts as a unified layer for cross-chain MEV. It can receive and process transaction flow from multiple blockchains (e.g., Ethereum, Arbitrum, Optimism), enabling sophisticated MEV strategies that span different execution environments. Builders can construct blocks or bundles that include actions across several chains.

• Unified Auction: A single venue to express value and compete for cross-domain arbitrage opportunities.
• Infrastructure: Provides the common communication and computation layer for decentralized block building across ecosystems.

SUAPPs (SUAVE Applications) are smart contracts that run on the SUAVE chain itself, enabling new types of MEV-aware applications. Developers can build decentralized solver networks, intent-based aggregators, and trust-minimized keeper networks. SUAPPs have privileged, low-latency access to the encrypted mempool and block building process.

• Use Cases: DEX aggregators that protect against MEV, decentralized order flow auctions (OFAs), and automated cross-chain arbitrage bots.
• Environment: Provides the execution sandbox and economic guarantees for these advanced applications.

SUAVE is designed as a modular stack separate from any single execution layer. It consists of distinct components: the SUAVE chain (consensus and computation), the encrypted mempool, and the decentralized builder network. This modularity allows it to serve as a plug-in MEV infrastructure for multiple L1s and L2s.

• Separation of Concerns: Decouples preference expression, block building, and chain execution.
• Interoperability: Can be adopted by any blockchain that integrates with its relay and builder APIs.

SUAVE enables more expressive transaction types through intent-based architectures. Users can submit conditional orders (e.g., "swap X for Y if the price is above Z") or complex preferences to the encrypted mempool. Searchers and solvers then compete to fulfill these intents optimally, with SUAVE's auction determining the best execution path. This moves beyond simple transaction ordering to a declarative trading model.

Applications can be built on SUAVE to democratize MEV value. A MEV-Share-like protocol can allow users to submit transactions with hints, enabling searchers to extract backrunning or sandwiching opportunities. A portion of this extracted value is then returned to the original user via a rebate. This creates a more equitable distribution of MEV profits between users, searchers, and validators.

SUAVE's encrypted mempool and TEE-based execution enable confidential decentralized finance (DeFi). Sensitive trading strategies, OTC deals, or institutional order flow can be submitted without front-running risk. The auction for block space occurs inside the TEE with sealed bids, revealing only the winning bundle. This creates a new substrate for private, high-value financial activity on public blockchains.

SUAVE provides critical infrastructure layers:

• For Searchers: A reliable, private channel to submit complex bundles without fear of theft.
• For Validators: Access to a competitive, decentralized market for high-quality, MEV-optimized blocks, increasing their staking rewards.
• For Builders: A modular framework to create specialized preference solvers that compete in the auction to construct the most valuable blocks for any chain.

SUAVE replaces centralized block builders with a permissionless network of sequencers. These nodes compete to create the most valuable block by running optimistic computations (e.g., for arbitrage, liquidations). The winning block is determined via an on-chain auction, preventing any single entity from controlling transaction flow. This design aims to democratize access to MEV opportunities.

SUAVE introduces Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) and secure enclaves (like Intel SGX) as a core component. User transactions and sensitive bidding logic are executed within these isolated, hardware-protected environments. This provides:

• Confidentiality: Transaction content and bid strategies are hidden from the sequencer node operator.
• Integrity: Code execution is verifiably correct via remote attestation.
• Data Sovereignty: Users retain control over their transaction data.

Instead of submitting raw transactions, users express preferences or intents (e.g., "swap X for Y at best price"). SUAVE's network of solvers competes to fulfill these intents optimally. This shifts the security model from transaction censorship-resistance to intent fulfillment guarantee. The system's security relies on the economic incentives for solvers to act honestly and the cryptographic proofs from TEEs.

SUAVE's security is inherently cross-chain. It does not aim for consensus on a global state but on the validity and optimality of cross-domain block proposals. Its security depends on:

• The underlying security of the destination chains (Ethereum, rollups) it serves.
• The bridging or relaying mechanisms used to commit SUAVE blocks to those chains.
• The economic security of its own chain for conducting the auction and punishing malicious sequencers.

A primary goal is to break the information asymmetry and centralization in existing mempools. By creating a shared, neutral, and encrypted space for transaction flow (a decentralized mempool), SUAVE aims to prevent frontrunning and sandwich attacks by privileged actors. All participants access the same encrypted transaction stream, with execution fairness enforced by the TEE-based network.

SUAVE's architecture introduces unique trust vectors:

• TEE Trust: Relies on the security of hardware manufacturers (e.g., Intel) and the assumption that enclaves are not compromised.
• Relayer Trust: The entity relaying the winning block to the destination chain must be honest, or the system requires robust fraud proofs.
• Liveness: The network of sequencers must remain active and competitive to prevent censorship.
• Complexity: The multi-layered system (TEEs, auction, cross-chain) increases the attack surface compared to a single-chain model.